Everything about Mother totally explained
» "Mom", "Mum", and "Mommy" redirect here. For other uses, see Mom (disambiguation), Mum (disambiguation) and Mommy (disambiguation).
A
mother is a
biological and/or
social female parent of an offspring. In the case of a
mammal such as a
human, the biological mother
gestates a fertilized
ovum, which is called first an
embryo, and then a
fetus. This gestation occurs in the mother's
uterus from
conception until the fetus is sufficiently developed to be born. The mother then goes into labor and gives
birth. Once the child is born, the mother produces
milk in a process called
lactation to feed the child; often the mother's breast milk is the child's sole nourishment for the first year or more of the child's life.
The title
mother is often given to a woman other than the biological parent, if it's she who fulfills the social role. This is most commonly either an
adoptive mother or a
stepmother (the biologically unrelated
wife of a child's
father). Currently, with advances in
reproductive technologies, the function of biological motherhood can be split between the genetic mother (who provides the ovum) and the gestational mother (who carries the
pregnancy), and in theory neither might be the social mother (the one who brings up the child).
Mothers have historically fulfilled the primary role in the raising of children, but since the late 20th century, the role of the father in child care has been given greater prominence in most Western countries.
The experience of motherhood varies greatly depending upon location. The organization
Save the Children has ranked the countries of the world, and found that
Scandinavian countries are the best places to be a mother, whereas countries in
sub-Saharan Africa are the worst. A mother in the bottom 10 countries is over 750 times more likely to
die in pregnancy or childbirth, compared to a mother in the top 10 countries, and a mother in the bottom 10 countries is 28 times more likely to
see her child die before reaching his or her first birthday.
Synonyms and translations
Familiar or colloquial terms for
mother in English are:
- mom or mommy, in most of North America (especially the U.S.). It is used widely in the West Midlands, in the UK.
- mum or mummy, is used in the UK, Netherlands, Australia, and New Zealand
- Ma, Mam or Mammy is used in Ireland and sometimes in the UK.
- "mama" is used in many countries, but is considered a Spanish form of "mother"
- In many other languages, similar pronunciations apply; mama in Polish and Slovak, māma in Mandarin Chinese, máma in Czech, maman in French, mamma in Italian, or mãe in Portuguese. Mama, borrowed from the English, is in common use in Japan. In Hebrew the word is eema (אמא), and in many south Asian cultures and the Middle East the mother is known as amma or oma or ammi or "ummi", or variations thereof. Many times these terms denote affection or a maternal role in a child's life.
Legendary & mythological mothers
Bithiah
Gaia
Hagar
Isis
Jocasta, mother of Oedipus, important in Freudian psychology
Juno
Mary
Queen Maya
Euripides' Medea
Venus
DemeterFurther Information
Get more info on 'Mother'.
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